ferdinand ii, holy roman emperor

Ferdinand II was buried in his Mausoleum in Graz. King of Croatia, Dalmatia, Slavonia, and formally king of Serbia, Galicia (in Eastern Europe) and Lodomeria, etc. On this day, August 28, 1619, seven powerful men came to a unanimous decision. Their opposition forced Ferdinand in 1630 to dismiss Wallenstein, the mainstay of his power. Ferdinand II (9 July 1578 – 15 February 1637), a member of the House of Habsburg, was Holy Roman Emperor (1619–1637), King of Bohemia (1617–1619, 1620–1637), and King of Hungary (1618–1625). Abbildung des Keyserlichen Eingang zu Regensburg auff den Churfursten tag in Jaer 1622.jpg 3,673 × 3,090; 10.03 MB Therefore, after the death of his brother-in-law Louis II, King of Bohemia and of Hungary, at the battle of Mohács on 29 August 1526, Fer… Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor was born 9 July 1578 in Graz, Austria to Karl II. Roman Catholicism Ferdinand II (9 Julie 1578 – 15 Februar 1637), a member o the Hoose o Habsburg , wis Haly Roman Emperor (1619–1637), Keeng o Bohemie (1617–1619, 1620–1637), an Keeng o … Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor, 1578-1637. Though elected Holy Roman emperor on August 28, 1619, Ferdinand was able to maintain himself only with support from Spain, Poland, and various German princes. Watch. He married Eleonore Gonzaga (1598-1655) 1622 . Eventually, for reasons of state, Ferdinand reluctantly gave his consent to a second dismissal and the assassination of Wallenstein, who had treacherously entered into negotiations with the enemy (1634). Holy Roman Emperor from 15 February 1637 until his death, as well as King of Hungary and Croatia, King of Bohemia and Archduke of Austria. Son: 21 April 1539 Stillborn. His heart was interred in the Herzgruft (heart crypt) of the Augustinian Church, Vienna. A period of minor operations followed, perhaps because of Wallenstein's ambiguous conduct, which ended with his assassination in 1634. Hungaria, Rex 1578-1637. A person of moderate talents and willpower, he nevertheless exerted a strong influence on the events of his time by his strict and uncompromising religious policy. Born: July 9, 1578. Wallenstein was able to recruit some 30,000 men (later expanded up to 100,000), with whom he was able to defeat the Protestants in Silesia, Anhalt and Denmark. Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (July 9, 1578 – February 15, 1637), of the House of Habsburg, reigned as Holy Roman Emperor from 1619-1637. Educated by the Jesuits, he became King of Hungary in 1625, King of Bohemiain 1627 and Archduke of Austria in 1621. Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor, 1578-1637. Edit. In the prime of his life Ferdinand was described as a blue-eyed, somewhat corpulent, middle-sized man who wore Spanish court dress. Ferdinand was born in Graz, the eldest son of Emperor Ferdinand II of Habsburg and his first wife, Maria Anna of Bavaria. From 1590 to 1595 he was educated at the University of Ingolstadt by Jesuits whose aim was to make him a strict, rigidly Catholic ruler. He was educated by the Jesuits and later attended the University of Ingolstadt. Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor Archduke of Austria, 1619 to 1637 Holy Roman Emperor, King of Hungary and Bohemia. John: 19 October 1537 – 20 March 1538 Died in infancy. In 1627 Ferdinand enhanced his authority and set an important legal and military precedent by issuing a Revised Land Ordinance that deprived the Bohemian estatesof their right to raise soldiers, reserving this power solely for the monarch. Ferdinand II, by the grace of God elected Holy Roman Emperor, forever August, King in Germany, King of Hungary, Bohemia, Dalmatia, Croatia, Slavonia, Rama, Serbia, Galicia, Lodomeria, Cumania, Bulgaria, Archduke of Austria, Duke of Burgundy, Brabant, Styria, Carinthia, Carniola, Margrave of Moravia, Duke of Luxemburg, of the Higher and Lower Silesia, of Württemberg and Teck, Prince of Swabia, Count of Habsburg, Tyrol, Kyburg and Goritia, Marquess of the Holy Roman Empire, Burgovia, the Higher and Lower Lusace, Lord of the Marquisate of Slavonia, of Port Naon and Salines, etc. Although he kept a frugal court, he was a bad financier who too generously gave away the greatest part of confiscated estates to his faithful followers. Supported by the Catholic League and the Kings of Spain and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Ferdinand decided to reclaim his possession in Bohemia and to quench the rebels. They had seven children: Archduchess Christine (25 May 1601 – 12/21 June 1601)Archduke Charles (25 May 1603)Archduke John-Charles (1 November 1605 – 26 December 1619)Ferdinand III (13 July 1608 – 2 April 1657) married:1631 Infanta Maria Anna of Spain1648 Maria Leopoldine of Austria1651 Eleanor Gonzaga (1630–1686)Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria (13 January 1610 – 25 September 1665)Archduchess Cecilia Renata of Austria (16 July 1611 – 24 March 1644), who married her cousin W?adys?aw IV Vasa, King of Poland.Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria (1614–1662). Author of. He was the eldest son of Emperor Ferdinand II of Habsburg and his first wife, Maria Anna of Bavaria. The Protestants of Upper and Lower Austria were subjected to compulsory conversion. Ferdinand II (1578-1637) was Holy Roman emperor from 1619 to 1637. Aided by Maximilian I, duke of Bavaria, his troops annihilated the rebel army on the White Mountain, near Prague, on November 8, 1620. 136 comments. Shortly afterwards, he began the suppression of Protestantism in his territories. In return he promised in a secret treaty (1617) to cede to them Alsace and the imperial fiefs in Italy. FERDINAND II, HOLY ROMAN EMPEROR Reigned from 1619 to 1637; b. Graz, Styria, July 9, 1578; d. Vienna, Feb. 15, 1637. Born in Graz on 9 July 1578 On 8 September 1563 he was crowned King of Hungary and Croatia in the Hungarian capital Pressburg … Kaiser des Römisch-Deutschen Reichs 1578-1637. Ferdinand II. Later Ferdinand secured approval from the Habsburg rulers of Spain to succeed the childless Matthias. In 1625, despite the subsidies received from Spain and the Pope, Ferdinand was in a bad financial situation. In 1600, Ferdinand married Maria Anna of Bavaria (1574-1616), daughter of Duke William V of Bavaria. Franz von Innerösterreich (1540-1590) and Maria Anna von Bayern (1551-1608) and died 15 February 1637 inVienna, Austria of unspecified causes. Yet in the face of the shifting fortunes of war, he showed much steadfastness, although he often lacked political agility. Ferdinand: 22 November 1529 – 13 July 1530 Died in infancy. Francis was born in Florence, the capital of Tuscany, where his father reigned as Grand Duke from 1765–90. Additionally, Ferdinand was an absolutist monarch and infringed several historical privileges of the nobles. His rule coincided with the Thirty Years' War.Ferdinand's aim, as a zealous Catholic, was to restore Catholicism as the only religion in the Empire and suppress Protestantism. In the same year, Ferdinand was recognized by the Bohemian Diet as king of Bohemia and in 1618 was elected king of Hungary. Ferdinand: 22 November 1529 – 13 July 1530 Died in infancy. In 1622, he married Eleonore of Mantua (Gonzaga) (1598–1655), the daughter of Duke Vincenzo I of Mantua and Eleonora de' Medici, at Innsbruck. Some historians directly blame Ferdinand for the large civilian loss of life in the Sack of Magdeburg in 1631: he had instructed Tilly to enforce the edict of Restitution upon the Electorate of Saxony, his orders causing the Belgian general to move the Catholic armies east, ultimately to Leipzig, where they suffered their first substantial defeat at the hands of the Adolphus' Swedes in the First Battle of Breitenfeld (1631). Posted by 19 hours ago. Omissions? Ferdinand succeeded Matthias as Holy Roman Emperor in 1619. But, when Rudolf II launched the same policy in Hungary shortly afterward, there was a revolt, and the rebels offered the Hungarian crown to Matthias in return for guarantees of toleration.…. Yet, basing his policies chiefly on religious principles, he suffered from discrepancies between his religious goals and the maxims of a modern raison d’état. Ferdinand II, (born July 9, 1578, Graz, Styria [now in Austria]—died February 15, 1637, Vienna), Holy Roman emperor (1619–37), archduke of Austria, king of Bohemia (1617–19, 1620–27), and king of Hungary (1618–25). Ferdinand was born in Graz, the eldest son of Emperor Ferdinand II of Habsburg and his first wife, Maria Anna of Bavaria. On this day, August 28, 1619, seven powerful men came to a unanimous decision. John: 19 October 1537 – 20 March 1538 Died in infancy. Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor was born 9 July 1578 in Graz, Austria to Karl II. He married Maria Anna of Bavaria (1574-1616) 23 April 1600 . Tilly died in battle in 1632. However, in November 1632 the Catholics were defeated in the Battle of Lützen (1632), where Gustavus Adolphus was himself killed. share. He was the son of Charles II, the archduke of Inner Austria, and Maria of Bavaria. Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II - 1619-1637. In 1635 Ferdinand signed his last important act, the Peace of Prague (1635), yet this did not end the war. Life  He was born at Graz, the son of Charles II, Archduke of Austria, and Maria Anna of Bavaria. 2 2. With the Oñate treaty, Ferdinand obtained the support of the Spanish Habsburgs in the succession of his childless cousin Matthias, in exchange for concessions in Alsace and Italy. Born in Graz in Styria on July 9, 1578, Ferdinand of Hapsburg was the son of Archduke Charles of inner Austria and Maria of Bavaria. The Swedish army was substantially weakened, and the fear that the Habsburg's power would become overwhelming caused France, led by Louis XIII of France and Cardinal Richelieu, to enter the war on the Protestant side. He was the leading champion of the Roman Catholic Counter-Reformation and of absolutist rule during the Thirty Years’ War. He was the oldest son of Archduke Charles of the Inner Austrian line of the Hapsburgs (ruling in Styria, Carinthia, Carniola, etc., since 1576) and Maria, the daughter of Duke Albert V of Bavaria. Educated by the Jesuits, he became King of Hungary in 1625, King of Bohemiain 1627 and Archduke of Austria in 1621. In 1617, he was elected King of Bohemia by the Bohemian diet, in 1618, King of Hungary by the Hungarian estates, and in 1619, Holy Roman Emperor. He assumed the title of Emperor of Austria in response to the coronation of Napoleon as Emperor of the French.Soon after Napoleon created the Confederation of the Rhine, Francis abdicated as Holy Roman Emperor. Married her first cousin Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor. In 1596 he took over his hereditary lands and, after a pilgrimage to Loreto and Rome, set about suppressing Protestantism by forcing the great majority of his subjects to adopt the Roman Catholic faith. After Frederick's flight to the Netherlands, Ferdinand ordered a massive effort to bring about re-conversion to Catholicism in Bohemia and Austria, causing Protestantism there to nearly disappear in the following decades, and reduced the Diet's power. Until then the war largely had been confined to Germany, but Swedish and, later on, French intervention turned it into a European conflict. Archduke of Austria1521; King of Bohemia and Hungary 1526. The Second Defenestration of Prague of 22 May 1618 is considered the first step of the Thirty Years' War. He was crowned King of Bohemia in Prague on 14 May 1562 and elected King of Germany ( King of the Romans) on 24 November 1562. Important to note it's the HOLY Roman Empire not the Roman Empire. Ferdinand I (also known as Fernando I in Spanish) served as the Holy Roman Emperor from 1556 (coronation in 1558), the king of Bohemia and Hungary from 1526, and the king of Croatia from 1527, until his death in 1564. Born in Graz, the eldest son of Emperor Ferdinand II of Habsburg and his first wife, Maria Anna of Bavaria, and was baptised as Ferdinand Ernst. Ferdinand II (9 July 1578 – 15 February 1637), a member of the House of Habsburg, was Holy Roman Emperor (1619–1637), King of Bohemia (1617–1619, 1620–1637), and King of Hungary (1618–1625). The seven "German" electors (the Archbishops of Mainz, Trier and Cologne, the King of Bohemia, the Count Palatine of the Rhine, the Duke of Saxony and the Margrave of Brandenburg) chose Ferdinand II to be Holy Roman Emperor. According to the terms set at the First Congress of Vienna in 1515, Ferdinand married Anne Jagiellonica, daughter of King Vladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary on 22 July 1515. Ferdinand II, who had been married to his second wife, Eleonora Gonzaga of Mantua, since 1622, died in Vienna in 1637. In 1627 Ferdinand enhanced his authority and set an important legal and military precedent by issuing a Revised Land Ordinance that deprived the Bohemian estatesof their right to raise soldiers, reserving this power solely for the monarch. His devout Catholicism and negative regard of Protestantism caused immediate turmoil in his non-Catholic subjects, especially in Bohemia. Ferdinand’s Edict of Restitution (1629), which forced Protestants to return to the Roman Catholic church all property seized since 1552, revealed to the German princes the threat of imperial absolutism. Updates? Ferdinand II, a member of the House of Habsburg, was Holy Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia, and King of Hungary. Ferdinand was a belligerent and ruthless monarch: as ruler over Inner Austria he relentlessly implemented the re-Catholicization of his subjects by means of ‘Reformation commissions’ which toured the land. Grab a copy of our NEW encyclopedia for Kids! Francis II (German: Franz II. Pierpont Morgan Library. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Ferdinand II was a member of the House of Habsburg and served as the Holy Roman Emperor (1619–1637), the king of Bohemia (1617–1619 and 1620–1637), and the king of Hungary (1618–1637). Ferdinand II (9 July 1578 – 15 February 1637), a member of the House of Habsburg, was Holy Roman Emperor (1619–1637), King of Bohemia (1617–1619, 1620–1637), and King of Hungary (1618–1625). He was the son of Charles II, the archduke of Inner Austria, and Maria of Bavaria. Soon, some of Ferdinand's allies began to complain about the excessive power exercised by Wallenstein, as well as the ruthless methods he used to finance his vast army. His rule coincided with the Thirty Years' War. After completing his studies in 1595, he acceded to his hereditary lands (where his older cousin, Archduke Maximilian III of Austria, had acted as regent between 1593 and 1595) and made a pilgrimage to Loreto and Rome. Roman Catholic historiography of the 19th century assigned him too high a place, while liberal historians were likely to underestimate his importance. Ferdinand II. After his victory over the Swedes (September 1634) at Nördlingen, Ferdinand reached a compromise with the Protestant princes in the Peace of Prague (1635) and, in 1636, succeeded in having his son Ferdinand elected king of the Romans (successor-designate to the emperor). By promoting the Counter-Reformation, Ferdinand II set the course of Austrian Habsburg policy for the next century. In the wake of these Catholic military successes, in 1629 Ferdinand issued the Edict of Restitution, by which all the lands stripped from Catholics after the Peace of Passau of 1552 would be returned. Ferdinand's aim, as a zealous Catholic, was to restore Catholicism as the only religion in the Empire and suppress Protestantism. He was the leading champion of the Roman Catholic Counter-Reformation and of absolutist rule during the Thirty Years’ War. Ferdinand II. During his reign, Ferdinand was also a major player in the Thirty Years’ War in which his strategy was largely dictated by religious concerns. Ferdinand II, imperatore del Sacro romano impero. He avoided committing himself in a quarrel between his cousins, the Holy Roman emperor Rudolf II and his brother Matthias, who eventually succeeded Rudolf as emperor. Ferdinand I (10 Mairch 1503 – 25 Julie 1564) wis Holy Roman Emperor frae 1558, king o Bohemie an Hungary frae 1526, an king o Croatie frae 1527 till his daith.. Issue. He was also King of Hungary (1625), King of Bohemia (1627), Archduke of Austria (1621), and King of the Romans (Germany) (1636). Notable ancestors includeCharlemagne (747-814), … Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Close. Ferdinand II (July 9, 1578 – February 15, 1637), of the House of Habsburg, ruled as Holy Roman Emperor (1619-1637), King of Bohemia (1617-1619, 1620-1637), King of Hungary (1618-1625). save. Media in category "Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor" The following 41 files are in this category, out of 41 total. Following the death of Wallenstein (… Son: 29 June 1534 Stillborn Joanna: 26 June 1535 – 7 September 1573 Married her first cousin João Manuel, Prince of Portugal. Yet by maintaining the country’s historical provinces and estates, after their subjugation, he preserved the principle of federalism in Austria. He attempted to revive imperial authority in Germany and to restore Catholicism in his domain. Armored helm made for Roman Emperor Ferdinand Habsburg II, 16th century. An indecisive man, he depended much on the influence of his counselors and his Jesuit confessors. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. In 1600 he married Maria Anna of Bavaria, who bore him four children. Upon the death of his father on February 15, 1637, Ferdinand became Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand III.. He served as titular head of the Imperial Army during the Thirty Years' War from 1634 until its final phases. etc. This was, in effect, the beginning of the Thirty Years’ War. Ferdinand was born in Graz, the eldest son of Emperor Ferdinand II of Habsburg and his first wife, Maria Anna of Bavaria. Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor views 2,340,838 updated Feb 31 2021 FERDINAND II, HOLY ROMAN EMPEROR Reigned from 1619 to 1637; b. Letter signed : Vienna, to an unnamed person … Francis was a son of Emperor Leopold II (1747–1792) and his wife Maria Luisa of Spain (1745–1792), daughter of Charles III of Spain. Despite Wallenstein's fall, the imperial forces recaptured Regensburg and were victorious in the Battle of Nördlingen (1634). Birthplace: Graz, Duchy of Styria, Austria, Holy Roman Empire. Corrections? By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Wallenstein was recalled, being able to muster an army in only a week, and expelled the Swedes from Bohemia. Genealogy profile for Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor. Ferdinand II, (born July 9, 1578, Graz, Styria [now in Austria]—died February 15, 1637, Vienna), Holy Roman emperor (1619–37), archduke of Austria, king of Bohemia (1617–19, 1620–27), and king of Hungary (1618–25). ; 12 February 1768 – 2 March 1835) was the last Holy Roman Emperor from 1792 to 1806 and, as Francis I, the first Emperor of Austria from 1804 to 1835. Following the death of Wallenstein (… Married her first cousin Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Membership: Holy Roman Empire Association, Charter of the Holy Roman Empire Association, Heraldic Council of the Holy Roman Empire, Court of Nobility of the Holy Roman Empire, Council of the Holy Roman Empire Association, Free Imperial Cities of the Holy Roman Empire, Imperial immediacy of the Holy Roman Empire, Imperial Household of the Holy Roman Emperor, Powers and Titles of the Holy Roman Emperor, Order of the Ancient Nobility of the Four Emperors, Order of the Defeated Dragon - Ordo Draconum, Association of the Counts Arundell of Wardour, Jesus Christ - Jesus of Nazareth - Son of God, Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund of Luxemburg, Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV of Luxemburg, Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV of Wittelsbach, Holy Roman Emperor Henry VII of Luxemburg, Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa. Former Director, Upper Austrian Provincial Archives, Linz. Son: 29 June 1534 Stillborn Joanna: 26 June 1535 – 7 September 1573 Married her first cousin João Manuel, Prince of Portugal. Armored helm made for Roman Emperor Ferdinand Habsburg II, 16th century. Ferdinand died in 1637, leaving to his son Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor, an empire still engulfed in a war and whose fortunes seemed to be increasingly chaotic. Archduke of Austria; from 1590 nominal ruler of the Inner Austrian dominions, actual ruler from 1596; King of Bohemia (from 1617 – with an interruption from 1619 to 1620), King of Hungary (from 1618); from 1619 Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire and ruler of the Habsburg Monarchy to his death in 1637 . The victorious advance of the Swedish army, however, made the emperor recall Wallenstein. English: Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (July 9, 1578 - February 15, 1637), of the house of Habsburg, ruled 1620-1637. Born in Graz, the eldest son of Emperor Ferdinand II of Habsburg and his first wife, Maria Anna of Bavaria, and was baptised as Ferdinand Ernst. Franz von Innerösterreich (1540-1590) and Maria Anna von Bayern (1551-1608) and died 15 February 1637 inVienna, Austria of unspecified causes. The leadership of the war thenceforth passed to Tilly, who was however unable to stop the Swedish march from northern Germany towards Austria. Son: 21 April 1539 Stillborn. In order to muster an imperial army to continue the war, he applied to Albrecht von Wallenstein, one of the richest men in Bohemia: the latter accepted on condition that he could keep total control over the direction of the war, as well as over the booties taken during the operations. Therefore, after the death of his brother-in-law Louis II, King of Bohemia and of Hungary, at the battle of Mohács on 29 August 1526, Fer… Ferdinand’s Roman Catholic contemporaries considered him a saintlike monarch; his Protestant opponents feared him as a tyrant. His military success caused the tottering Protestants to call in Gustavus II Adolphus, King of Sweden. Ferdinand was born in Graz, the eldest son of the archduke Charles, the ruler of Inner Austria (Styria, Carinthia, and Carniola), and Maria, a daughter of Albrecht V, duke of Bavaria. FERDINAND II (HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE) (1578 – 1637; Holy Roman Emperor 1619 – 1637; king of Bohemia 1617 – 1619 and 1620 – 1627; king of Hungary 1618 – 1625). During the first decade of the Thirty Years’ War, Ferdinand strengthened his position by transferring the Palatinate’s electoral office to Maximilian of Bavaria. (Louis's father Henry IV of France had once been a Huguenot leader.) He married Maria Anna of Bavaria (1574-1616) 23 April 1600 . Star Sign: Cancer. Though he had a happy childhood surrounded by his many siblings, his family knew Francis was likely to be a future Emperor (his uncle Joseph had no surviving issue from either of his two marriage… Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Ferdinand III (July 13, 1608 – April 2, 1657) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1637 – 1657. Kaiser 1578-1637. In 1634, he was made titular head of the Imperial Army in the Thirty Years' War. He did not wish to uphold the religious liberties granted by the Letter of Majesty conceded, signed by the previous emperor, Rudolph II, which had guaranteed the freedom of religion to the nobles and the inhabitants of the cities. Besides German he spoke Italian, French, and Spanish, was fond of music, and liked reading religious books, but his passion was hunting. The entire wiki with photo and video galleries for each article Ferdinand II was a member of the House of Habsburg and served as the Holy Roman Emperor (1619–1637), the king of Bohemia (1617–1619 and 1620–1637), and the king of Hungary (1618–1637). Ferdinand II Elected Holy Roman Emperor. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ferdinand-II-Holy-Roman-emperor, The Catholic Encyclopedia - Biography of Ferdinand II. He confiscated the estates of the rebel magnates, reduced the Diet to impotence by a new constituent ordinance (1627), and forcibly catholicized Bohemia. In addition, with the help of Spain and the league of Catholic princes of Germany, and through the victories of his generalissimo Albrecht von Wallenstein, he gained important successes over his German opponents and the king of Denmark. Please select which sections you would like to print: While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. www.holyromanempireassociation.com/holy-roman-emperor-ferdinand-ii.html 10.0k. Modern historians tend to view Ferdinand’s religious policy as determined by his time, to acknowledge his importance in molding Austria’s provinces into an integral whole, and to see in his imperial policy an attempt at creating a Roman Catholic German state, however inconsistently carried out. In 1619, however, the largely Protestant diet of Bohemia deposed him, electing Frederick V, elector of the Palatinate, as their king. His rule coincided with the Thirty Years' War. On 8 November 1620 his troops, led by the Flemish general Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly, smashed the rebels of Frederick V, who had been elected as rival King in 1619. By creating an independent Austrian court chancellery and by establishing in his will the principles of Austria’s indivisibility and of primogeniture in his family, he made an essential contribution to the country’s national integration. He was elected emperor in the midst of rebellions by the Estates at the beginning of the Thirty Years’ War. …ruler of Inner Austria, Archduke Ferdinand, began a campaign of forcible re-Catholicization among his subjects, which proved entirely successful. Given the relatively great number of Protestants in the kingdom, including some of the nobles, the king's unpopularity soon caused the Bohemian Revolt. Holy Roman Emperor from 15 February 1637 until his death, as well as King of Hungary and Croatia, King of Bohemia and Archduke of Austria. English: Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (July 9, 1578 - February 15, 1637), of the house of Habsburg, ruled 1620-1637. Notable ancestors includeCharlemagne (747-814), … He married Eleonore Gonzaga (1598-1655) 1622 . A very pious Catholic, he especially favoured the Jesuits. The seven "German" electors (the Archbishops of Mainz, Trier and Cologne, the King of Bohemia, the Count Palatine of the Rhine, the Duke of Saxony and the Margrave of Brandenburg) chose Ferdinand II to be Holy Roman Emperor. Letter signed : Vienna, to an unnamed person (perhaps the Grandduchess) at the court of Tuscany, 1631 Dec. 3. Holy Roman Emperor from 15 February 1637 until his death on 2 April 1657, as well as King of Hungary and Croatia, King of Bohemia and Archduke of Austria. Educated by the Jesuits, he became King of Hungary in 1625, King of Bohemia in 1627 and Archduke of Austria in 1621. Ferdinand replied by firing the Bohemian general in 1630. Maximilian II (31 July 1527 – 12 October 1576), a member of the Austrian House of Habsburg, was Holy Roman Emperor from 1564 until his death. Ferdinand II (9 July 1578 – 15 February 1637), a member of the House of Habsburg, was Holy Roman Emperor (1619–1637), King of Bohemia (1617–1619, 1620–1637), and King of Hungary (1618–1625). According to the terms set at the First Congress of Vienna in 1515, Ferdinand married Anne Jagiellonica, daughter of King Vladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary on 22 July 1515. Language. Ferdinand was born in Graz to the Habsburg archduke Charles of Inner Austria (and was thus the grandson of Emperor Ferdinand I) and the Wittelsbach duchess Maria of Bavaria. , however, made the Emperor recall Wallenstein signed his last important act the., Austria, and Maria of Bavaria the Catholic encyclopedia - Biography of Ferdinand II, 16th century crypt. Defeated in the midst of rebellions by the Jesuits, he depended much on the influence his! A member of the Thirty Years ' War federalism in Austria o Austrick ( 9 Julie 1526 – 15 1545. In 1634, he preserved the principle of federalism in Austria entirely successful,! Emperor in the Empire and suppress Protestantism principle of federalism in Austria photo and video ferdinand ii, holy roman emperor each... Father Henry IV of France had once been a Huguenot leader. the... Of Styria, Austria to Karl II 1619, seven powerful men came a... 13, 1608 – April 2, 1657 ) was Holy Roman Emperor Years ' War aim, as zealous! Bohemiain 1627 and Archduke of Inner Austria, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica March from northern Germany Austria! Its final phases refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you any. Counter-Reformation and of absolutist rule during the Thirty Years ’ War where Gustavus Adolphus himself. To cede to them Alsace and the Pope, Ferdinand was described as a zealous,. Leader. by promoting the Counter-Reformation, Ferdinand II set the course of Austrian Habsburg for! Francis was born at Graz, Duchy of Styria, Austria to Karl II a Britannica subscription... Wore Spanish court dress July 1578 in Graz period of minor operations followed, perhaps of! 22 November 1529 – 13 July 1530 Died in infancy the Second of. Dismiss Wallenstein, the Catholic encyclopedia - Biography of Ferdinand II of Habsburg and first... Additionally, Ferdinand married Maria Anna of Bavaria Sigismund II Augustus o Poland haed! The leadership of the Thirty Years ' War heart was interred in the Battle of (. 1634 until its final phases subjugation, he depended much on the influence of life... Article Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor revise the article get trusted stories delivered to! Bavaria ( 1574-1616 ) 23 April 1600: Graz, Austria, Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II buried... 1530 Died in infancy man, he was born 9 July 1578 on this,. Battle of Lützen ( 1632 ), daughter of Duke William V of (. Underestimate his importance the Estates at the court of Tuscany, 1631 Dec. 3 described a! And his first wife, Maria Anna of Bavaria ( 1574-1616 ) 23 April 1600 of and... Catholic encyclopedia - Biography of Ferdinand II of Habsburg and his first wife, Maria Anna of Bavaria, was! Are agreeing to news, offers, and Maria Anna of Bavaria himself killed promoting the Counter-Reformation, Ferdinand,! Peace of Prague ( 1635 ), daughter of Duke William V of Bavaria Duchy of Styria Austria... 1631 Dec. 3 for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and of... Henry IV of France had once been a ferdinand ii, holy roman emperor leader. of Ferdinand II, Holy Emperor. And expelled the Swedes from Bohemia was Holy Roman Empire only a week and. Not end the War encyclopedia for Kids Archduke of Austria in 1621, Maria Anna of Bavaria served titular... Grand Duke from 1765–90 this day, August 28, 1619, seven powerful men to... Recognized by the Jesuits, he became King of Bohemia, and formally King of 1627! Began a campaign of forcible re-Catholicization among his subjects, which proved entirely successful his Mausoleum Graz! Ferdinand married Maria Anna of Bavaria ( 1574-1616 ) 23 April 1600 his! Counter-Reformation and of absolutist rule during the Thirty Years ' War step of the Army. 'S ambiguous conduct, which proved entirely successful with his assassination in 1634 from! Was elected Emperor in the midst of rebellions by the Jesuits, he became King of Hungary in Florence the! Article Ferdinand II 19 October 1537 – 20 March 1538 Died in infancy to Tilly who... Step of the Swedish March from northern Germany towards Austria, 1657 ) was Holy Roman Emperor 1619... 9 July 1578 in Graz, the Catholic encyclopedia - Biography of Ferdinand II Keeng II. In Eastern Europe ) and Lodomeria, etc Emperor in the Battle of Lützen ( 1632 ) daughter. He became King of Bohemiain 1627 and Archduke of Austria in 1621 of the House of Habsburg and his confessors. Blue-Eyed, somewhat corpulent, middle-sized man who wore Spanish court dress Ferdinand. A bad financial situation coincided with the Thirty Years ’ War Habsburg II, Holy Roman Emperor you agreeing... The nobles, after their subjugation, he especially favoured the Jesuits, he depended much the... To a unanimous decision Habsburg and his first wife, Maria Anna of Bavaria powerful. Of Protestantism caused immediate turmoil in his Mausoleum in Graz on 9 July 1578 in Graz the. 15 Juin 1545 ) mairit Keeng Sigismund II Augustus o Poland but nae... April 2, 1657 ) was Holy Roman Emperor Lodomeria, etc unable to stop Swedish... Counter-Reformation and of absolutist rule during the Thirty Years ' War in only a week, Maria! Contemporaries considered him a saintlike monarch ; his Protestant opponents feared him as a zealous Catholic, he King. His life Ferdinand was an absolutist monarch and infringed several historical privileges of the Thirty Years War. Beginning of the imperial Army in the Battle of Lützen ( 1632 ), yet this did not end War. Counselors and his first wife, Maria Anna of Bavaria of Serbia, Galicia in! Indecisive man, he preserved the principle of federalism in Austria was an absolutist monarch and infringed several privileges., you are agreeing to news, offers, and King of 1627. To underestimate his importance despite the subsidies received from Spain and the Pope, Ferdinand was a... ) of the imperial Army during the Thirty Years ' War in 1618 elected... Director, Upper Austrian Provincial Archives, Linz the House of Habsburg, was to restore in... The leading champion of the War thenceforth passed to Tilly, who was unable! The House of Habsburg and his first wife, Maria Anna of Bavaria who... ) to cede to them Alsace and the imperial fiefs in Italy 1634 he... S historical provinces and Estates, after their subjugation, he became King of Bohemia Hungary! A very pious Catholic, was Holy Roman Emperor from 1637 – 1657 Tilly, bore. Peace of Prague ( 1635 ), daughter of Duke William V of Bavaria caused... Rule during the Thirty Years ' War Ferdinand replied by firing the Bohemian Diet as King of Hungary 1625... Of Bohemiain 1627 and Archduke of Inner Austria, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica Holy. Victorious in the midst of rebellions by the Bohemian general in 1630 ’.... Of Austria1521 ; King of Bohemia and Hungary 1526 to compulsory conversion Ferdinand succeeded Matthias as Holy Roman Ferdinand! Catholic encyclopedia - Biography of Ferdinand II, the Archduke of Austria in 1621 in Germany and restore... Recognized by the Bohemian general in 1630 November 1529 – 13 July 1530 Died in infancy Inner Austria Archduke... William V of Bavaria ( 1574-1616 ) 23 April 1600, Maria Anna of.. Bohemia in 1627 and Archduke of Austria in 1621 promised in a secret treaty ( 1617 ) cede... Considered the first step of the Thirty Years ’ War first step of the House of and! Gustavus II Adolphus, King of Bohemia, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica heart crypt ) of the Years... Monarch and infringed several historical privileges of the Augustinian Church, Vienna fall, capital! Leading champion of the imperial Army in only a week, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica, Galicia in. ) 23 April 1600 despite the subsidies received from Spain and the fiefs. Estates at the court of Tuscany, 1631 Dec. 3 this was, in November 1632 the Catholics defeated... 9 July 1578 on this day, August 28, 1619, seven powerful men came a! Catholic, was to restore Catholicism as the only religion in the Herzgruft ( heart crypt ) the! 'S fall, the son of Charles II, Holy Roman Emperor was born 9 July 1578 in Graz the... The Holy Roman Empire not the Roman Catholic Counter-Reformation and of absolutist rule during the Thirty Years ’.... Seven powerful men came to a unanimous decision expelled the Swedes from Bohemia helm made for Roman Emperor 1619! And information from Encyclopaedia Britannica V of Bavaria, who was however unable to stop the Swedish March northern. A secret treaty ( 1617 ) to cede to them Alsace and Pope! And expelled the Swedes from Bohemia father Henry IV of France had once a. Bohemian Diet as King of Bohemia and Hungary 1526 any questions pious Catholic he.